Amethyst

Amethyst is the purple variety, and most expensive variety of quartz.

Amethyst's name was derived from the Greek word amethystos, which means "not drunken", as amethyst was originally thought to ward off drunkenness.

Prior to the discovery of large amethyst deposits in Brazil in the 1800s, amethyst was one of the most valuable colored gems alongside ruby, sapphire, and emerald.